Hekaya7 / models /comic_image_generator.py
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import io
import base64
import os
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
import config
import warnings
import textwrap
from pathlib import Path
import time
from models.image_generation import generate_image_fn
from google.generativeai import GenerativeModel
import json
import re
import tempfile
import shutil
from google.generativeai.types import GenerationConfig
from utils.comic_panel_splitter import split_comic_panels
import cv2
import numpy as np
from datetime import datetime
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", message="IMAGE_SAFETY is not a valid FinishReason")
def log_execution(func):
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
start_time = time.time()
start_str = datetime.fromtimestamp(start_time).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
result = func(*args, **kwargs)
end_time = time.time()
end_str = datetime.fromtimestamp(end_time).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
duration = end_time - start_time
return result
return wrapper
class ComicImageGenerator:
"""
Generates a comic-style image.
"""
def __init__(self):
pass
@log_execution
def generate_comic(self, story_data, output_path=None, style=None):
"""
Generate a comic-style image based on the provided story data.
Args:
story_data: Dictionary containing the story information
output_path: Optional path to save the resulting image
style: Optional comic style to use
Returns:
PIL.Image.Image: The comic image
str: Base64 encoded data URL of the image
"""
title = story_data.get("title", "My Story")
description = story_data.get("description", "")
characters = story_data.get("characters", [])
settings = story_data.get("settings", [])
num_scenes = 9
prompt = self._create_comic_prompt(title, description, characters, settings, style, num_scenes)
try:
print(f"Generating comic with {num_scenes} scenes...")
comic_image = generate_image_fn(
selected_prompt=prompt,
output_path=output_path
)
if comic_image is None:
comic_image = self._create_placeholder_comic(title, description)
if output_path:
directory = os.path.dirname(output_path)
if directory and not os.path.exists(directory):
os.makedirs(directory)
comic_image.save(output_path)
buffered = io.BytesIO()
comic_image.save(buffered, format="PNG")
img_bytes = buffered.getvalue()
img_b64 = base64.b64encode(img_bytes).decode("utf-8")
data_url = f"data:image/png;base64,{img_b64}"
return comic_image, data_url
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error generating comic: {str(e)}")
placeholder = self._create_placeholder_comic(title, description)
if output_path:
directory = os.path.dirname(output_path)
if directory and not os.path.exists(directory):
os.makedirs(directory)
placeholder.save(output_path)
buffered = io.BytesIO()
placeholder.save(buffered, format="PNG")
img_bytes = buffered.getvalue()
img_b64 = base64.b64encode(img_bytes).decode("utf-8")
data_url = f"data:image/png;base64,{img_b64}"
return placeholder, data_url
@log_execution
def _create_comic_prompt(self, title, description, characters=None, settings=None, style=None, num_scenes=1):
"""
Create a sophisticated, optimized prompt for comic generation with advanced visual consistency techniques.
Specialized for high-quality multi-panel storytelling with perfect character continuity.
Args:
title: Title of the story
description: Visual description of the story
characters: List of character data
settings: List of setting data
style: Optional visual style
num_scenes: Number of scenes to include (1-24)
Returns:
str: Advanced prompt optimized for professional comic generation with smart detail preservation
"""
priority_sections = []
layout_specs = self._get_optimal_layout_description(num_scenes)
priority_sections.append(f"CRITICAL LAYOUT: {layout_specs}")
if num_scenes >= 20:
compact_instructions = [
"🎯 COMPACT SCENE MASTERY FOR 20 PANELS:",
"SMALL EFFICIENT SCENES: Each panel must tell its story moment with maximum visual economy - focus on ONE key action, emotion, or story beat per panel",
"CLEAR FOCAL POINTS: Every panel needs ONE main subject in sharp focus with minimal background distractions",
"ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS ONLY: Include only the most crucial visual elements needed to advance the story - remove ALL unnecessary details",
"READABLE AT SMALL SIZE: No text text, expressions, and actions must be clearly visible even when the panel is small - use bold, simple compositions"
]
priority_sections.extend(compact_instructions)
if characters:
character_details = self._create_detailed_character_specifications(characters, num_scenes)
priority_sections.extend(character_details)
enhanced_story = self._create_detailed_story_description(description, title)
priority_sections.append(enhanced_story)
if settings:
environment_details = self._create_detailed_environment_specifications(settings, num_scenes)
priority_sections.extend(environment_details)
technical_specs = self._create_comprehensive_technical_specifications(style, num_scenes)
priority_sections.extend(technical_specs)
quality_flow = self._create_advanced_quality_and_flow_instructions(num_scenes)
priority_sections.extend(quality_flow)
assembled_prompt = self._assemble_prompt_with_smart_truncation(priority_sections)
if self.generate_panel_descriptions(assembled_prompt):
final_prompt = self.generate_panel_descriptions(assembled_prompt)
else :
final_prompt = assembled_prompt
print(f"\n XXXXXX {final_prompt} XXXXXX \n")
return final_prompt
@log_execution
def _create_detailed_character_specifications(self, characters, num_scenes):
"""Create extremely detailed character specifications prioritizing visual consistency."""
char_specs = []
char_specs.append("🎭 CRITICAL CHARACTER CONSISTENCY PROTOCOL:")
char_specs.append("ABSOLUTE REQUIREMENT: Characters MUST look identical in every single panel - same face, hair, clothes, proportions, expressions style")
for i, character in enumerate(characters[:3]):
if isinstance(character, dict) and "visual_description" in character:
char_name = character.get("name", f"Character_{i+1}")
char_desc = character["visual_description"]
char_spec = f"CHARACTER {i+1} - {char_name}: {char_desc}"
if "traits" in character and character["traits"]:
traits = character["traits"][:5]
char_spec += f" | DISTINCTIVE FEATURES: {', '.join(traits)}"
char_spec += f" | CONSISTENCY RULE: This exact appearance must be maintained across all {num_scenes} panels with zero variation in facial features, hair, clothing, or body proportions"
char_specs.append(char_spec)
if len([c for c in characters[:3] if isinstance(c, dict) and 'visual_description' in c]) > 1:
char_specs.append(f"MULTI-CHARACTER RULE: All characters must maintain their exact individual appearances simultaneously across all {num_scenes} panels - no character design drift allowed")
return char_specs
@log_execution
def _create_detailed_story_description(self, description, title):
"""Create enhanced story description with preserved important details."""
story_elements = []
enhanced_desc = f"STORY CONTENT: {title} - {description}"
enhanced_desc += " | VISUAL NARRATIVE FOCUS: Every detail must be clearly visible and contribute to story comprehension through imagery alone"
enhanced_desc += " | ATMOSPHERIC DETAILS: Include specific lighting, weather, time of day, and environmental mood indicators that enhance the narrative"
enhanced_desc += " | CHARACTER EXPRESSION CLARITY: All emotions, reactions, and character intentions must be immediately readable through facial expressions, body language, and positioning"
return enhanced_desc
@log_execution
def _create_detailed_environment_specifications(self, settings, num_scenes):
"""Create detailed environment specifications with consistency focus."""
env_specs = []
env_specs.append(" ENVIRONMENTAL CONSISTENCY PROTOCOL:")
for i, setting in enumerate(settings[:3]):
if isinstance(setting, dict) and "description" in setting:
setting_name = setting.get("name", f"Location_{i+1}")
setting_desc = setting["description"]
env_spec = f"LOCATION {i+1} - {setting_name}: {setting_desc}"
if "visual_elements" in setting and setting["visual_elements"]:
elements = setting["visual_elements"][:5]
env_spec += f" | KEY VISUAL MARKERS: {', '.join(elements)}"
if "mood" in setting:
env_spec += f" | ATMOSPHERE: {setting['mood']}"
env_spec += f" | LOCATION CONSISTENCY: When this location appears across multiple panels, all architectural details, lighting, and distinctive features must remain identical"
env_specs.append(env_spec)
return env_specs
@log_execution
def _create_comprehensive_technical_specifications(self, style, num_scenes):
"""Create comprehensive technical specifications with detail preservation."""
tech_specs = []
style_details = self._get_enhanced_style_specifications(style)
tech_specs.extend(style_details)
composition_specs = [
" PANEL COMPOSITION MASTERY:",
f"Grid Layout: Precisely arranged {self._calculate_optimal_grid_layout(num_scenes)} grid with professional comic book spacing and clear panel borders",
"Visual Hierarchy: Each panel must have a clear focal point with supporting details that enhance rather than distract from the main action",
"Depth and Perspective: Use foreground, midground, and background elements to create visual depth and spatial relationships",
"Color Harmony: Maintain consistent color palette across all panels while using color psychology to enhance mood and narrative flow"
]
if num_scenes >= 20:
composition_specs.extend([
"COMPACT PANEL OPTIMIZATION: Design each panel for MAXIMUM visual impact in minimal space",
"SIMPLE BACKGROUNDS: Use minimal, clean backgrounds that don't compete with main subjects",
"BOLD CHARACTER POSES: Use clear, distinctive poses and gestures that read well at small sizes",
"HIGH CONTRAST: Ensure strong contrast between characters and backgrounds for clarity"
])
tech_specs.extend(composition_specs)
detail_specs = [
" DETAIL PRESERVATION PROTOCOL:",
"Facial Detail Consistency: All character faces must maintain identical features - eye shape, nose structure, mouth proportions, facial hair, scars, or distinctive marks",
"Clothing and Accessory Continuity: Every piece of clothing, jewelry, weapons, or accessories must appear identical across panels",
"Environmental Detail Tracking: Background objects, architectural elements, vegetation, and atmospheric effects must remain consistent when locations reappear",
"Lighting Continuity: Maintain logical light sources and shadow patterns that reflect time of day and weather conditions consistently"
]
tech_specs.extend(detail_specs)
return tech_specs
@log_execution
def _get_enhanced_style_specifications(self, style):
"""Get enhanced style specifications with technical details."""
enhanced_styles = {
"Comic Book Style": [
" MODERN DIGITAL COMIC BOOK STYLE (NO SKETCH LINES, NO DEFORMITIES):",
"Line Art: Bold, ultra-clean digital inking with consistent stroke weightβ€”absolutely no rough sketch lines or unfinished strokes",
"Color Treatment: Vibrant, saturated colors with polished cel-shading and sharp highlights for a glossy modern finish",
"Shading: Precise digital shadows and highlightsβ€”avoid gradient banding or painterly strokes associated with traditional sketches",
"Panel Borders: Clean, geometric panel borders with consistent gutters and professional comic book page layout standards"
],
"Manga Style": [
" MODERN DIGITAL MANGA STYLE (NO SKETCH LINES, NO DEFORMITIES):",
"Line Quality: Razor-sharp digital line work with deliberate varying weightsβ€”completely free of rough sketches",
"Character Design: Classic manga proportions rendered crisply with expressive eyes and flawless facial detailsβ€”no distortions",
"Tone Work: High-resolution screentones and digitally applied hatching for a refined finish",
"Panel Layout: Dynamic panel flow with polished angles that enhance narrative pacing"
],
"Photorealistic": [
" MODERN DIGITAL PHOTOREALISM (NO SKETCH LINES, NO DEFORMITIES):",
"Rendering Quality: Cinema-quality realistic rendering with accurate lighting physics and atmospheric effectsβ€”faces and limbs must appear intact and natural",
"Detail Level: Ultra-high detail textures with crisp edgesβ€”no painterly or sketch artefacts",
"Color Accuracy: Natural color grading with realistic skin tones, environmental colors, and accurate material reflectance",
"Depth of Field: Professional photography-style focus effects with realistic camera perspective and depth relationships"
],
"Cinematic Realism": [
" MODERN DIGITAL CINEMATIC REALISM (NO SKETCH LINES, NO DEFORMITIES):",
"Film Quality: Movie-grade digital rendering with crisp edges and zero sketch artefacts",
"Color Grading: Cinematic color treatment with cohesive paletteβ€”maintain realistic skin and material fidelity",
"Camera Work: Dynamic camera angles translated into polished panel compositions",
"Lighting Design: Professional film lighting with atmospheric effectsβ€”ensure characters remain fully detailed, no distortions"
]
}
return enhanced_styles.get(style, [
" MODERN DIGITAL COMIC ILLUSTRATION (NO SKETCH LINES, NO DEFORMITIES):",
"Professional Art: Gallery-quality digital illustration with masterful composition, color theory, and technical execution",
"Visual Clarity: Crystal-clear details with optimal contrast and saturation for maximum visual impact and readability",
"Artistic Consistency: Unified artistic approach across all panels maintaining consistent quality and style treatmentβ€”absolutely no sketch artefacts"
])
@log_execution
def _create_advanced_quality_and_flow_instructions(self, num_scenes):
"""Create advanced quality and flow instructions."""
quality_instructions = [
" ADVANCED QUALITY REQUIREMENTS:",
"Technical Excellence: Ultra-high resolution output with crisp details, optimal contrast, and professional-grade visual quality",
"Narrative Clarity: Every panel must advance the story visibly - clear cause and effect relationships between sequential panels",
# "Visual Flow: Smooth eye movement guidance from panel to panel using composition, character positioning, and visual elements",
"Line Art: Sharp digital lines, clean and precise, emphasizing dynamic movement and emotional clarity.",
"Emotional Impact: Each panel must convey specific emotions through character expressions, body language, and environmental mood"
]
if num_scenes > 1:
flow_instructions = [
f" {num_scenes}-PANEL FLOW MASTERY:",
# "Sequential Continuity: Logical progression from panel to panel with clear temporal and spatial relationships",
"Action Sequences: Break complex actions into clear, understandable steps across multiple panels",
"Character Tracking: Maintain character positions and movements logically across panel transitions",
"Pacing Control: Balance action panels with character moments and environmental establishing shots for optimal narrative rhythm",
"EACH PANEL IS A DISTINCT SCENE : Each panel must depict a unique, self-contained moment or tableau from the story. No visual elements or action should flow directly from one panel to another"
]
if num_scenes >= 20:
flow_instructions.extend([
"STORY ARC FOR 24 PANELS: Create a complete story with beginning (panels 1-6), rising action (panels 7-12), climax (panels 13-18), and resolution (panels 19-24)",
"MICRO-MOMENTS: Each panel captures a single decisive moment - one expression change, one action beat, one story revelation",
"VISUAL ECONOMY: Every element in each panel must serve the story - no decorative details that don't advance narrative",
"READER ENGAGEMENT: Design panel flow to maintain interest across all 24 panels with strategic use of close-ups, wide shots, and dynamic angles"
])
quality_instructions.extend(flow_instructions)
return quality_instructions
@log_execution
def _assemble_prompt_with_smart_truncation(self, priority_sections):
"""Assemble prompt with smart truncation that preserves critical details."""
MAX_LENGTH = 31500
full_prompt = " || ".join(priority_sections)
if len(full_prompt) <= MAX_LENGTH:
negative_prompt = "NEGATIVE PROMPTS: NO deformed anatomy, NO missing limbs or facial features, NO inconsistent character designs, NO blurry or out-of-focus elements, NO sketch-like aesthetics (unless intentional style choice), NO TEXT, NO SPEECH BUBBLES, NO SOUND EFFECTS, NO CAPTIONS, NO watermarks, NO VARIATION IN PANEL SIZE OR SHAPE."
return full_prompt + " || FINAL MANDATE: Create a masterpiece that perfectly balances artistic excellence with narrative clarity and absolute character consistency || " + negative_prompt
preserved_prompt = ""
remaining_length = MAX_LENGTH - 200
for i, section in enumerate(priority_sections):
section_with_separator = section + " || "
if i < 3:
preserved_prompt += section_with_separator
remaining_length -= len(section_with_separator)
else:
if len(section_with_separator) <= remaining_length:
preserved_prompt += section_with_separator
remaining_length -= len(section_with_separator)
else:
truncated = section[:remaining_length-50] + "..."
preserved_prompt += truncated + " || "
break
preserved_prompt += "***FINAL OVERRIDE & NEGATIVE PROMPTS*** ABSOLUTE RULE: The 3x3 uniform grid structure is the most important rule and must be followed perfectly.NEGATIVE PROMPTS: NO deformed anatomy, NO missing limbs or facial features, NO inconsistent character designs, NO blurry or out-of-focus elements, NO sketch-like aesthetics (unless intentional style choice), NO TEXT, NO SPEECH BUBBLES, NO SOUND EFFECTS, NO CAPTIONS, NO watermarks, NO VARIATION IN PANEL SIZE OR SHAPE."
return preserved_prompt
@log_execution
def _get_optimal_layout_description(self, num_scenes):
"""Generate optimal layout description based on scene count."""
if num_scenes <= 1:
return "Single panel comic illustration"
optimal_layout = self._calculate_optimal_grid_layout(num_scenes)
rows, cols = optimal_layout
layout_descriptions = {
(1, 2): "Horizontal two-panel comic strip layout",
(2, 1): "Vertical two-panel comic strip layout",
(2, 2): "Classic four-panel comic grid (2x2)",
(2, 3): "Six-panel comic grid in 2 rows, 3 columns (2x3)",
(3, 2): "Six-panel comic grid in 3 rows, 2 columns (3x2)",
(3, 3): "Nine-panel comic grid (3x3)",
(3, 4): "Twelve-panel comic grid in 3 rows, 4 columns(3x4)",
(4, 3): "Twelve-panel comic grid in 4 rows, 3 columns(4x3)",
(4, 4): "Sixteen-panel comic grid (4x4)",
(4, 6): "Twenty-four panel COMPACT comic grid in 4 rows, 6 columns - SMALL EFFICIENT SCENES with maximum story density per panel (4x6)",
(6, 4): "Twenty-four panel COMPACT comic grid in 6 rows, 4 columns - SMALL EFFICIENT SCENES with vertical storytelling format (6x4)",
(3, 8): "Twenty-four panel COMPACT comic grid in 3 rows, 8 columns - SMALL EFFICIENT SCENES with cinematic widescreen format(3x8)",
(8, 3): "Twenty-four panel comic grid in 8 rows, 3 columns - vertical scroll format (8x3)"
}
layout_desc = layout_descriptions.get((rows, cols), f"{rows}x{cols} comic panel grid layout")
return f"COMIC LAYOUT: {layout_desc} with clear panel borders, consistent gutters, and professional comic book formatting"
@log_execution
def _enhance_description_for_visual_consistency(self, description): # No Use?
"""Enhance the core description with visual consistency keywords."""
consistency_enhancers = [
"maintaining perfect visual consistency throughout all panels",
"identical character appearances across every scene",
"unified lighting and color palette",
"consistent artistic style and perspective"
]
enhanced = f"STORY CONTENT: {description}. "
enhanced += "VISUAL CONSISTENCY REQUIREMENTS: " + ", ".join(consistency_enhancers)
return enhanced
@log_execution
def _create_character_consistency_anchors(self, characters, num_scenes): # No Use?
"""Create sophisticated character consistency instructions."""
anchors = []
if characters:
anchors.append("CHARACTER CONSISTENCY ANCHORS:")
for i, character in enumerate(characters[:2]):
if isinstance(character, dict) and "visual_description" in character:
char_desc = character["visual_description"]
anchor = f"Character {i+1}: {char_desc} - MUST appear IDENTICAL in every single panel with exact same: facial features, hair style, clothing, proportions, and distinctive visual elements"
anchors.append(anchor)
if num_scenes > 1:
anchors.append(f"CRITICAL: All {len([c for c in characters[:2] if isinstance(c, dict) and 'visual_description' in c])} characters must look exactly the same across all {num_scenes} panels - same faces, same outfits, same proportions, same artistic rendering")
return anchors
@log_execution
def _create_environment_consistency_anchors(self, settings, num_scenes): # No Use?
"""Create environmental consistency instructions."""
anchors = []
if settings:
anchors.append("ENVIRONMENTAL CONSISTENCY:")
for setting in settings:
if isinstance(setting, dict) and "description" in setting:
setting_desc = setting["description"]
anchors.append(f"Setting: {setting_desc} - maintain consistent architectural details, lighting, and atmospheric elements when this location appears")
if num_scenes > 1:
anchors.append(f"Ensure environmental continuity across all {num_scenes} panels with logical spatial relationships and consistent time-of-day lighting")
return anchors
@log_execution
def _create_advanced_style_instructions(self, style, num_scenes):
"""Create advanced style instructions with technical specifications."""
instructions = []
advanced_style_map = {
"Comic Book Style": [
"modern digital comic book illustration style (no sketch-like strokes, no deformities)",
"bold ultra-clean line art with consistent stroke weight",
"vibrant saturated colors with polished highlights and shadows",
"dynamic panel compositions with varied camera angles",
"classic comic book rendering techniques executed with a contemporary digital finish"
],
"Manga Style": [
"modern digital manga illustration style (no sketch artefacts, no deformities)",
"razor-sharp line work with deliberate varying weights",
"subtle color palette with high-resolution screentone effects",
"expressive character designs with flawless facial details",
"dynamic manga panel composition and flow"
],
"Cartoon Style": [
"polished digital cartoon style (clean vectors, no sketch lines, no deformities)",
"smooth rounded character designs with appealing proportions",
"bright harmonious color schemes with soft lighting",
"clear readable expressions and body language",
"family-friendly visual appeal with consistent character models"
],
"Photorealistic": [
"high-quality digital photorealism (no sketch artefacts, no deformities)",
"detailed realistic lighting and shadows",
"natural color grading with realistic materials and textures",
"cinematic composition with depth of field effects",
"professional photography-inspired visual quality"
],
"Cinematic Realism": [
"digital cinematic realism (crisp, no sketch lines, no deformities)",
"dramatic lighting with atmospheric effects",
"rich color grading with cinematic color palette",
"dynamic camera angles and professional composition",
"film-quality character rendering and environmental detail"
],
"Digital Painting": [
"masterful digital painting technique with a polished finish (no sketch lines, no deformities)",
"controlled painterly brushwork with intentional texture and depth",
"rich color harmony with sophisticated lighting",
"artistic composition with traditional painting principles",
"high-end digital art gallery quality"
]
}
if style and style in advanced_style_map:
instructions.append("ARTISTIC STYLE SPECIFICATIONS:")
instructions.extend(advanced_style_map[style])
else:
instructions.extend([
"ARTISTIC STYLE: High-quality illustration with professional comic book aesthetics",
"clean precise line work with consistent artistic rendering",
"harmonious color palette with strategic lighting effects",
"polished visual presentation with attention to detail"
])
if num_scenes > 1:
instructions.append(f"STYLE CONSISTENCY: Maintain identical artistic style, line weight, color saturation, and rendering quality across all {num_scenes} panels")
return instructions
@log_execution
def _create_panel_flow_instructions(self, num_scenes):
"""Create instructions for optimal panel flow and transitions."""
flow_instructions = []
if num_scenes > 1:
flow_instructions.extend([
"PANEL FLOW AND TRANSITIONS:",
"create smooth visual flow from panel to panel following standard left-to-right, top-to-bottom reading order",
"design panel compositions that guide the eye naturally through the sequence",
"establish clear visual relationships between consecutive panels",
"use consistent perspective and scale to maintain spatial continuity",
"create visual rhythm through varied but harmonious panel compositions"
])
if num_scenes >= 10:
flow_instructions.extend([
"COMPREHENSIVE STORYTELLING FLOW: Design a compelling visual narrative that maintains engagement across all 12 panels",
"balance action panels with character moments and environmental establishing shots",
"create visual crescendos and quiet beats for optimal pacing",
"ensure each panel contributes meaningfully to the overall story progression"
])
return flow_instructions
@log_execution
def _create_quality_specifications(self, num_scenes):
"""Create technical quality specifications."""
quality_specs = [
"TECHNICAL QUALITY REQUIREMENTS:",
"ultra-high resolution with crisp clean details",
"professional comic book production quality",
"optimal contrast and saturation for visual clarity",
"balanced composition with clear focal points in each panel",
"masterful use of negative space and visual hierarchy"
]
if num_scenes > 1:
quality_specs.extend([
f"perfect grid alignment with consistent panel spacing across all {num_scenes} panels",
"clear panel borders with professional gutters and margins",
"unified visual presentation suitable for professional comic publication"
])
return quality_specs
@log_execution
def _optimize_prompt_structure(self, prompt_parts):
"""Optimize the prompt structure for maximum AI comprehension."""
structured_prompt = []
for i, part in enumerate(prompt_parts):
if isinstance(part, list):
structured_prompt.append(" | ".join(part))
else:
structured_prompt.append(part)
final_prompt = " || ".join(structured_prompt)
final_prompt += " || FINAL REQUIREMENT: Create a masterpiece-quality comic that perfectly balances artistic excellence with clear storytelling"
return final_prompt
@log_execution
def _calculate_optimal_grid_layout(self, num_scenes):
"""Calculate the most visually appealing grid layout for the given number of scenes."""
optimal_layouts = {
1: (1, 1),
2: (1, 2),
3: (1, 3),
4: (2, 2),
5: (1, 5),
6: (2, 3),
7: (1, 7),
8: (2, 4),
9: (3, 3),
10: (2, 5),
11: (1, 11),
12: (3, 4),
13: (1, 13),
14: (2, 7),
15: (3, 5),
16: (4, 4),
17: (1, 17),
18: (3, 6),
19: (1, 19),
20: (4, 5),
21: (3, 7),
22: (2, 11),
23: (1, 23),
24: (4, 6),
}
return optimal_layouts.get(num_scenes, self._calculate_optimal_layout(num_scenes, 1024, 768))
def _create_placeholder_comic(self, title, description):
"""
Create a placeholder comic if image generation fails.
Args:
title: Title of the comic
description: Visual description of the comic
Returns:
PIL.Image.Image: Placeholder comic image
"""
width, height = 800, 600
comic = Image.new("RGB", (width, height), (255, 255, 255))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(comic)
try:
title_font = ImageFont.truetype("Arial.ttf", 36)
desc_font = ImageFont.truetype("Arial.ttf", 18)
except IOError:
title_font = desc_font = ImageFont.load_default()
draw.text((20, 20), title, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=title_font)
draw.rectangle([50, 80, width-50, height-50], outline=(0, 0, 0), fill=(220, 220, 220))
if description:
max_chars = 300
short_desc = description[:max_chars] + "..." if len(description) > max_chars else description
wrapped_desc = textwrap.fill(short_desc, width=70)
draw.text((60, 100), wrapped_desc, fill=(0, 0, 0), font=desc_font)
return comic
@log_execution
def split_comic_into_scenes(self, comic_image, num_scenes, preferred_layout=None, use_gemini_analysis=True): # No Use?
"""
Split a comic image into individual scenes using advanced analysis techniques.
Optimized for 12-panel layouts with sophisticated grid detection and quality validation.
Args:
comic_image: PIL.Image.Image object of the comic
num_scenes: Expected number of scenes (for context only, OpenCV script auto-detects)
preferred_layout: Optional tuple (rows, cols) to override automatic detection (Not used by OpenCV)
use_gemini_analysis: Whether to use Gemini Vision or OpenCV.
True for Gemini (default), False for OpenCV.
Returns:
list: List of PIL.Image.Image objects, one for each detected scene
"""
if not isinstance(comic_image, Image.Image):
raise ValueError("comic_image must be a PIL.Image.Image object")
if num_scenes <= 1 and not use_gemini_analysis:
if num_scenes <= 1:
return [comic_image]
width, height = comic_image.size
print(f"🎯 Splitting {width}x{height} comic into scenes (Target: {num_scenes} scenes if using grid, auto-detect if OpenCV)...")
if use_gemini_analysis:
print("πŸ” Analyzing comic layout with enhanced Gemini Vision...")
if preferred_layout:
rows, cols = preferred_layout
print(f"🎯 Using manual override for Gemini: {rows}Γ—{cols} layout")
else:
rows, cols = self.analyze_comic_layout_with_enhanced_gemini(comic_image, num_scenes)
rows, cols = self._validate_and_optimize_layout(rows, cols, num_scenes, width, height)
actual_panels = rows * cols
print(f"βœ… Using Gemini-derived {rows}Γ—{cols} grid layout - will extract {min(actual_panels, num_scenes)} panels")
scenes = self._extract_scenes_with_quality_check(comic_image, rows, cols, num_scenes)
return scenes
else:
print("πŸ”© Using OpenCV for panel splitting...")
temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
temp_image_path = os.path.join(temp_dir, "source_comic.png")
panels_output_dir = os.path.join(temp_dir, "output_panels")
try:
comic_image.save(temp_image_path, "PNG")
split_comic_panels(temp_image_path, panels_output_dir)
extracted_scenes = []
if os.path.exists(panels_output_dir):
panel_files = sorted([f for f in os.listdir(panels_output_dir) if f.startswith("panel_") and f.endswith(".png")])
for panel_file in panel_files:
try:
panel_image_path = os.path.join(panels_output_dir, panel_file)
img = Image.open(panel_image_path)
extracted_scenes.append(img)
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error loading panel image {panel_file}: {e}")
if not extracted_scenes:
print("⚠️ OpenCV panel splitter did not return any panels. Returning original image.")
return [comic_image]
print(f"βœ… OpenCV successfully extracted {len(extracted_scenes)} panels.")
return extracted_scenes
except Exception as e:
print(f"❌ Error during OpenCV panel splitting: {e}")
return [comic_image]
finally:
if os.path.exists(temp_dir):
shutil.rmtree(temp_dir)
@log_execution
def _validate_and_optimize_layout(self, rows, cols, num_scenes, image_width, image_height):
"""Validate and optimize the layout based on image properties and panel count."""
panel_width = image_width / cols
panel_height = image_height / rows
panel_aspect_ratio = panel_width / panel_height
if panel_width < 50 or panel_height < 50:
print(f"⚠️ Panels too small ({panel_width:.0f}x{panel_height:.0f}). Recalculating layout...")
return self._calculate_optimal_grid_layout(num_scenes)
if panel_aspect_ratio < 0.2 or panel_aspect_ratio > 5.0:
print(f"⚠️ Panel aspect ratio {panel_aspect_ratio:.2f} is extreme. Optimizing layout...")
return self._calculate_optimal_grid_layout(num_scenes)
if num_scenes == 12:
optimal_12_layouts = [(3, 4), (4, 3), (2, 6), (6, 2)]
current_layout = (rows, cols)
if current_layout not in optimal_12_layouts:
image_aspect = image_width / image_height
best_layout = (3, 4)
best_score = float('inf')
for opt_rows, opt_cols in optimal_12_layouts:
layout_aspect = opt_cols / opt_rows
score = abs(layout_aspect - image_aspect)
if score < best_score:
best_score = score
best_layout = (opt_rows, opt_cols)
print(f"πŸ“‹ Optimizing 12-panel layout from {rows}Γ—{cols} to {best_layout[0]}Γ—{best_layout[1]}")
return best_layout
if num_scenes == 24:
optimal_24_layouts = [(4, 6), (6, 4), (3, 8), (8, 3)]
current_layout = (rows, cols)
if current_layout not in optimal_24_layouts:
image_aspect = image_width / image_height
best_layout = (4, 6)
best_score = float('inf')
for opt_rows, opt_cols in optimal_24_layouts:
layout_aspect = opt_cols / opt_rows
score = abs(layout_aspect - image_aspect)
if score < best_score:
best_score = score
best_layout = (opt_rows, opt_cols)
print(f"πŸ“‹ Optimizing 24-panel layout from {rows}Γ—{cols} to {best_layout[0]}Γ—{best_layout[1]} for compact scenes")
return best_layout
return (rows, cols)
@log_execution
def _extract_scenes_with_quality_check(self, comic_image, rows, cols, num_scenes):
"""Extract scenes with quality validation and enhancement."""
width, height = comic_image.size
scene_width = width // cols
scene_height = height // rows
margin = 2
scenes = []
extracted_count = 0
for row in range(rows):
for col in range(cols):
if extracted_count >= num_scenes:
break
x1 = max(0, col * scene_width - margin)
y1 = max(0, row * scene_height - margin)
x2 = min(width, (col + 1) * scene_width + margin)
y2 = min(height, (row + 1) * scene_height + margin)
scene = comic_image.crop((x1, y1, x2, y2))
if self._validate_scene_quality(scene):
scenes.append(scene)
extracted_count += 1
else:
print(f"⚠️ Scene {extracted_count + 1} failed quality check, keeping anyway")
scenes.append(scene)
extracted_count += 1
if extracted_count >= num_scenes:
break
print(f"βœ… Successfully extracted {len(scenes)} scenes")
return scenes
@log_execution
def _validate_scene_quality(self, scene):
"""Validate that a scene contains meaningful content."""
try:
import numpy as np
scene_array = np.array(scene)
if len(scene_array.shape) == 3:
variance = np.var(scene_array)
if variance < 10:
return False
if scene.width < 20 or scene.height < 20:
return False
return True
except Exception as e:
print(f"Scene quality check failed: {e}")
return True
@log_execution
def analyze_comic_layout_with_enhanced_gemini(self, comic_image, num_scenes):
"""
Enhanced Gemini Vision analysis with better prompting and fallback logic.
Specialized for detecting 12-panel layouts and complex grid structures.
Args:
comic_image: PIL.Image.Image object of the comic
num_scenes: Expected number of scenes (used for context and validation)
Returns:
tuple: (rows, cols) representing the detected grid layout
"""
try:
model = GenerativeModel('gemini-2.5-flash')
buffered = io.BytesIO()
comic_image.save(buffered, format="PNG")
img_bytes = buffered.getvalue()
analysis_prompt = f"""
You are a professional comic book layout analyst. Examine this comic image carefully to determine its precise panel grid structure.
ANALYSIS TASK:
- Count the exact number of ROWS (horizontal divisions)
- Count the exact number of COLUMNS (vertical divisions)
- Expected panels: {num_scenes} (use as context, but trust what you see)
DETECTION GUIDELINES:
1. Look for panel borders, gutters, or visual separations
2. Identify consistent grid patterns
3. Count horizontal lines that divide rows
4. Count vertical lines that divide columns
5. For 12 panels, common layouts are: 3Γ—4, 4Γ—3, 2Γ—6, or 6Γ—2
6. Trust visual evidence over expected numbers
VISUAL INDICATORS TO LOOK FOR:
- Black border lines between panels
- White gutters or spacing between sections
- Consistent rectangular divisions
- Grid-like organization of content
- Clear separation of distinct visual areas
IMPORTANT: Be precise about what you actually observe. If you see a clear grid pattern, report it exactly.
Respond with ONLY this JSON format:
{{
"detected_rows": [number of rows you count],
"detected_cols": [number of columns you count],
"total_panels_detected": [rows Γ— cols],
"confidence": "high/medium/low",
"layout_description": "detailed description of the grid structure you observe",
"visual_evidence": "description of the visual cues that led to this conclusion"
}}
Be extremely precise in your counting.
"""
max_retries = 2
for attempt in range(max_retries):
try:
response = model.generate_content([analysis_prompt, comic_image])
response_text = response.text.strip()
print(f"Gemini Vision analysis (attempt {attempt + 1}): {response_text[:200]}...")
json_match = re.search(r'\{.*\}', response_text, re.DOTALL)
if json_match:
json_str = json_match.group()
analysis_result = json.loads(json_str)
rows = analysis_result.get("detected_rows", 0)
cols = analysis_result.get("detected_cols", 0)
total_detected = analysis_result.get("total_panels_detected", 0)
confidence = analysis_result.get("confidence", "unknown")
description = analysis_result.get("layout_description", "")
evidence = analysis_result.get("visual_evidence", "")
if rows > 0 and cols > 0:
if total_detected == rows * cols:
print(f"βœ… Gemini detected {rows}Γ—{cols} layout ({total_detected} panels) with {confidence} confidence")
print(f"Evidence: {evidence}")
if num_scenes == 12:
if total_detected in [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18]:
print(f"πŸ“‹ Layout reasonable for 12-panel comic")
return (rows, cols)
else:
print(f"⚠️ Detected {total_detected} panels for 12-panel comic. Using optimized layout.")
return self._calculate_optimal_grid_layout(num_scenes)
else:
return (rows, cols)
else:
print(f"❌ Math inconsistency: {rows}Γ—{cols} β‰  {total_detected}")
else:
print(f"❌ Invalid dimensions: {rows}Γ—{cols}")
except json.JSONDecodeError as e:
print(f"❌ JSON parsing error on attempt {attempt + 1}: {e}")
if attempt == max_retries - 1:
break
except Exception as e:
print(f"❌ Analysis error on attempt {attempt + 1}: {e}")
if attempt == max_retries - 1:
break
except Exception as e:
print(f"❌ Gemini Vision analysis completely failed: {e}")
print("⚠️ Using optimized grid calculation as fallback")
return self._calculate_optimal_grid_layout(num_scenes)
@log_execution
def _find_all_factorizations(self, n):
"""
Find all possible factorizations of a number into rows Γ— columns.
Enhanced with better algorithm for large numbers like 24.
Args:
n: Number to factorize
Returns:
list: List of tuples (rows, cols) where rows * cols = n, sorted by preference
"""
factorizations = []
for i in range(1, int(n**0.5) + 1):
if n % i == 0:
rows, cols = i, n // i
factorizations.append((rows, cols))
if rows != cols:
factorizations.append((cols, rows))
factorizations.sort(key=lambda x: (abs(x[0] - x[1]), max(x[0], x[1])))
return factorizations
@log_execution
def _calculate_optimal_layout(self, num_scenes, image_width, image_height):
"""
Calculate the optimal grid layout based on image aspect ratio and scene count.
Enhanced algorithm with better preferences for different panel counts.
Args:
num_scenes: Number of scenes to arrange
image_width: Width of the comic image
image_height: Height of the comic image
Returns:
tuple: (rows, cols) representing the optimal grid layout
"""
image_aspect_ratio = image_width / image_height
factorizations = self._find_all_factorizations(num_scenes)
if not factorizations:
import math
sqrt_scenes = math.sqrt(num_scenes)
rows = int(sqrt_scenes)
cols = math.ceil(num_scenes / rows)
return (rows, cols)
best_layout = factorizations[0]
best_score = float('inf')
for rows, cols in factorizations:
layout_aspect_ratio = cols / rows
aspect_diff = abs(layout_aspect_ratio - image_aspect_ratio)
panel_aspect = (image_width / cols) / (image_height / rows)
extremeness_penalty = 0
if panel_aspect < 0.3 or panel_aspect > 3.0:
extremeness_penalty = 2.0
total_score = aspect_diff + extremeness_penalty
if total_score < best_score:
best_score = total_score
best_layout = (rows, cols)
return best_layout
@log_execution
def get_possible_layouts(self, num_scenes):
"""
Get all possible layout options for a given number of scenes.
Enhanced with better layout suggestions.
Args:
num_scenes: Number of scenes
Returns:
list: List of tuples (rows, cols) representing possible layouts, sorted by preference
"""
if num_scenes in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 24]:
optimal = self._calculate_optimal_grid_layout(num_scenes)
alternatives = self._find_all_factorizations(num_scenes)
layouts = [optimal]
layouts.extend([layout for layout in alternatives if layout != optimal])
return layouts
else:
return self._find_all_factorizations(num_scenes)
@log_execution
def generate_comic_with_quality_metrics(self, story_data, output_path=None, style=None):
"""
Enhanced comic generation with quality metrics and validation.
Provides detailed feedback about the generation process.
Args:
story_data: Dictionary containing the story information
output_path: Optional path to save the resulting image
style: Optional comic style to use
Returns:
tuple: (comic_image, data_url, quality_metrics)
"""
start_time = time.time()
title = story_data.get("title", "Enhanced Comic")
description = story_data.get("description", "")
characters = story_data.get("characters", [])
settings = story_data.get("settings", [])
num_scenes = 9
quality_metrics = {
"character_count": len([c for c in characters if isinstance(c, dict) and "visual_description" in c]),
"setting_count": len([s for s in settings if isinstance(s, dict) and "description" in s]),
"description_length": len(description),
"optimal_layout": self._calculate_optimal_grid_layout(num_scenes),
"generation_complexity": "high" if num_scenes >= 20 else "medium" if num_scenes >= 10 else "low"
}
try:
prompt = self._create_comic_prompt(title, description, characters, settings, style, num_scenes)
print(f"🎨 Generating {num_scenes}-panel comic with enhanced prompt ({len(prompt)} characters)")
comic_image = generate_image_fn(
selected_prompt=prompt,
output_path=output_path
)
if comic_image is None:
comic_image = self._create_enhanced_placeholder_comic(title, description, num_scenes)
quality_metrics["generation_status"] = "placeholder"
else:
quality_metrics["generation_status"] = "success"
if output_path:
directory = os.path.dirname(output_path)
if directory and not os.path.exists(directory):
os.makedirs(directory)
comic_image.save(output_path)
buffered = io.BytesIO()
comic_image.save(buffered, format="PNG")
img_bytes = buffered.getvalue()
img_b64 = base64.b64encode(img_bytes).decode("utf-8")
data_url = f"data:image/png;base64,{img_b64}"
end_time = time.time()
quality_metrics["generation_time"] = end_time - start_time
quality_metrics["image_size"] = (comic_image.width, comic_image.height)
quality_metrics["prompt_complexity"] = len(prompt.split())
return comic_image, data_url, quality_metrics
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error in enhanced generation: {str(e)}")
placeholder = self._create_enhanced_placeholder_comic(title, description, num_scenes)
buffered = io.BytesIO()
placeholder.save(buffered, format="PNG")
img_bytes = buffered.getvalue()
img_b64 = base64.b64encode(img_bytes).decode("utf-8")
data_url = f"data:image/png;base64,{img_b64}"
quality_metrics["generation_status"] = "error"
quality_metrics["error_message"] = str(e)
return placeholder, data_url, quality_metrics
@log_execution
def _create_enhanced_placeholder_comic(self, title, description, num_scenes):
"""
Create an enhanced placeholder comic that shows the intended layout.
Args:
title: Title of the comic
description: Description of the comic
num_scenes: Number of scenes the comic should have
Returns:
PIL.Image.Image: Enhanced placeholder comic image
"""
if num_scenes <= 4:
width, height = 800, 600
elif num_scenes <= 12:
width, height = 1200, 900
else:
width, height = 1600, 1200
comic = Image.new("RGB", (width, height), (248, 248, 248))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(comic)
try:
title_font = ImageFont.truetype("Arial.ttf", max(24, width // 40))
panel_font = ImageFont.truetype("Arial.ttf", max(12, width // 80))
desc_font = ImageFont.truetype("Arial.ttf", max(10, width // 100))
except IOError:
title_font = panel_font = desc_font = ImageFont.load_default()
title_text = f"{title} - {num_scenes} Panel Layout Preview"
draw.text((20, 20), title_text, fill=(50, 50, 50), font=title_font)
layout = self._calculate_optimal_grid_layout(num_scenes)
rows, cols = layout
layout_info = f"Layout: {rows}Γ—{cols} grid ({rows * cols} panels)"
draw.text((20, 60), layout_info, fill=(100, 100, 100), font=panel_font)
panel_area_y = 100
panel_area_height = height - panel_area_y - 60
panel_width = (width - 60) // cols
panel_height = panel_area_height // rows
panel_count = 0
for row in range(rows):
for col in range(cols):
if panel_count >= num_scenes:
break
x = 30 + col * panel_width
y = panel_area_y + row * panel_height
draw.rectangle([x, y, x + panel_width - 10, y + panel_height - 10],
outline=(150, 150, 150), fill=(255, 255, 255))
panel_text = f"Panel {panel_count + 1}"
draw.text((x + 10, y + 10), panel_text, fill=(100, 100, 100), font=panel_font)
panel_count += 1
if panel_count >= num_scenes:
break
if description and len(description) > 0:
desc_y = height - 50
wrapped_desc = textwrap.fill(description[:200] + "..." if len(description) > 200 else description, width=80)
draw.text((30, desc_y), wrapped_desc, fill=(80, 80, 80), font=desc_font)
return comic
@log_execution
def generate_panel_descriptions(self, final_prompt, num_scenes=9):
"""
Generate panel-by-panel descriptions and format into complete comic generation prompt.
Args:
final_prompt: The complete story/prompt text
num_scenes: Number of panels (default: 9)
Returns:
str: Complete formatted prompt ready for image generation
"""
try:
model = GenerativeModel('gemini-2.0-flash-exp')
# First, generate the panel descriptions
analysis_prompt = f"""You are a master comic book storyteller. Break down this story into {num_scenes} COMPLETELY DIFFERENT panels.
STORY:
{final_prompt}
ABSOLUTE REQUIREMENTS FOR UNIQUENESS:
1. STORY STRUCTURE - Divide the story into {num_scenes} distinct narrative beats:
- Each panel = ONE specific story moment that happens at a DIFFERENT time
- Panel 1 happens BEFORE Panel 2, Panel 2 BEFORE Panel 3, etc.
- NO panel should show the same moment or similar action
- Think of it like a movie: each panel is a different scene
2. VISUAL VARIETY - Each panel MUST have:
- DIFFERENT location or setting (if story allows)
- DIFFERENT character positions and poses
- DIFFERENT camera angle/shot type
- DIFFERENT action or emotional beat
- DIFFERENT time of day or lighting (if applicable)
3. SHOT TYPES - Use variety:
- Extreme Wide Shot, Wide Shot, Medium Shot, Close-Up, Extreme Close-Up, Over-the-Shoulder, Low Angle, High Angle, Bird's Eye View
FORMAT EXACTLY LIKE THIS:
Panel 1: [Title]
Shot Type: [Type]
Content: [Detailed description]
Panel 2: [Different title]
Shot Type: [Different type]
Content: [Completely different scene]
Generate all {num_scenes} panels now:"""
generation_config = GenerationConfig(
temperature=0.9,
top_p=0.95,
)
response = model.generate_content(analysis_prompt, generation_config=generation_config)
panel_descriptions = response.text.strip()
# Now format into the complete prompt structure
grid_layout = "3x3 grid (3 rows, 3 columns)" if num_scenes == 9 else f"{num_scenes} panels"
complete_prompt = f'''"""CRITICAL COMMAND: UNIFORM {grid_layout.upper()} (NON-NEGOTIABLE)
Layout: Generate exactly {num_scenes} panels in a {grid_layout}.
Panel Integrity: Every panel MUST be identical in size and shape. Do not change panel dimensions for any reason.
Formatting: Use clean, equal-width white gutters between all panels and a uniform thin black border around each panel.
CRITICAL RULE: SILENT COMIC - NO TEXT, NO SPEECH BUBBLES, NO SOUND EFFECTS, NO CAPTIONS EVER.
CRITICAL RULE: EACH PANEL IS A DISTINCT SCENE.
Each panel must depict a unique, self-contained moment or tableau from the story.
PANEL-BY-PANEL STORYBOARD (READ LEFT-TO-RIGHT, TOP-TO-BOTTOM)
{panel_descriptions}
GLOBAL STYLE & CONSISTENCY MANDATES
Art Style: Modern Digital Manga
Line Art: Sharp digital lines, clean and precise, emphasizing dynamic movement and emotional clarity.
Tones & Shading: Cel shading with clear, distinct shadows and highlights, giving a vibrant yet defined look.
Composition: Every panel must have a clear focal point and excellent use of foreground, midground, and background elements.
Character Consistency: Characters must maintain consistent facial features, hair, and design throughout all panels while showing progression in age, clothing, or emotional state as the story requires.
Environmental & Lighting Continuity: Lighting and atmosphere should support the narrative progression and emotional tone of each scene.
Color Palette: A vibrant and saturated palette that enhances the story's emotional journey.
FINAL OVERRIDE & NEGATIVE PROMPTS
ABSOLUTE RULE: The {grid_layout} uniform grid structure is the most important rule and must be followed perfectly.
NEGATIVE PROMPTS: NO deformed anatomy, NO missing limbs or facial features, NO inconsistent character designs, NO blurry or out-of-focus elements, NO sketch-like aesthetics (unless intentional style choice), NO TEXT, NO SPEECH BUBBLES, NO SOUND EFFECTS, NO CAPTIONS, NO watermarks, NO VARIATION IN PANEL SIZE OR SHAPE.
"""'''
print(f"Generated complete prompt with {num_scenes} panels")
return complete_prompt
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error generating complete prompt: {e}")
return None